Damien Hirst Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Damien Hirst - Essay Example It appears the MFA needed somebody who has a high-status in the workmanship world, and who better than the most acclaimed living British craftsman Damien Hirst. Albeit, joined with the name Damien Hirst - without a doubt comes discussion. The MFA flaunts Hirst's superstar craftsman profile in the expound up on the show, calling him one of the most powerful living craftsmen. The content, which portrays his vocation since the 90's, shows up in the handout and furthermore in the gateway of the Foster exhibition where the majority of his work is shown. Furthermore, going with every one of his pieces are short clarifications with cites legitimately from the craftsman. For the individuals who are new to Hirst's work, the divider marks serve to teach and fill in the watcher. Be that as it may, trying to do this, the divider names wind up diminishing the workmanship to single and simple to-get a handle on ideas, for example, demise or excellence. Because of the incredibly instructional nature of the marks, which expressly clarify the piece and craftsman's aim, there is no place for the watcher to build their own assessments. What adds to the educational idea of the content is the feeling that it is shielding the work and the craftsman himself. Basically the work is intended to stun or interest, while the composing appears to explain and guard. For instance, Away from the Flock which is situated legitimately before the passageway should stun the watcher. Fascinated - or disturbed the watcher peruses the section that states Hirst didn't murder the sheep, and that it is a piece about religion. The watcher is in a split second mollified, and proceeds onward, anxious to peruse the following passage. Each section clarification is makes Hirst appear to be increasingly more like a delicate mastermind type and it appears individuals are more interested with his picture than his work. There ought to have been more spotlight on his specialty, as opposed to him. In the huge opening divider mark it expresses: His materials are in some cases repellant, however his topics - the human condition, mortality, and excellenc e - are ageless and recognizable all through craftsmanship history. Hirst has portrayed himself as 'sentimental' and 'sort of antiquated... regarding thoughts.' It appears the MFA is awkward with Hirst's work and attempts to mitigate it any place they can- - expecting to clarify each piece and including cites structure the craftsman to make him and his work increasingly agreeable. At the point when consideration is deflected from the divider marks, and concentrated on the craftsmanship, the example of the situating of the work turns out to be clear. The intelligent development around the exhibition space follows a counter clockwise circle. The pieces are deliberately positioned around the room so the most stunning and exceptional are set toward the start with the more mitigated toward the end. Away From the Flock, Judgment Day show up toward the start, trailed by a The Unbearable Likeness of Being and The Collector, lastly the last gathering is Arginine and Is Nothing Sacred. Before the finish of the turn (barring the turning piece) the watcher is left inclination more quiet and presumably progressively intelligent, instead of nauseated by the flies or sheep. Indeed, even the course of action of the work appears to mirror the MFA's craving to mitigate Hirst. Practically all the pieces have a type of stun factor, which is normal for Hirst's work. The mass of dead flies, the dead sheep, the butterfly wings, and even the drugstore rack, have such ground-breaking stun esteem, that different factors underneath the outside of the work get lost. The piece

Relationship Between Cultural Consumption, Identity And Holidays Essay

Connection Between Cultural Consumption, Identity And Holidays - Essay Example The exploration and resulting investigation of information plainly showed that decision of occasion goals relied generally upon the social pattern of the general public viable. Individuals from a general public settled on decisions as per the human qualities that were ascribed to different goals and it was additionally affirmed that human qualities played a significantly more conclusive job in collectivist social orders than in individualistic social orders. Accordingly this investigation additionally uncovers the most appropriate certainty that a legitimate examination of emotional patterns in a culture is totally basic if one somehow managed to frame clear prescient observations about how individuals move an incentive to their condition and how they settle on their utilization decisions. The business exercise that can be gotten from this examination is that these discoveries must be remembered when defining efforts to pull in travelers from different social orders having different inclinations and any item or administration that can be put well as for the view of that specific culture will clearly get an extremely positive gathering from enormous areas of the general public. This report makes the ends drawn above apply for a vast greater part of individuals in various social orders, there will consistently be singular individuals in each general public who might resist the standards and set out their own motivation. Subsequently never be amazed in the event that you see a Brazilian skiing down a particularly dubious mountain slant in the Alps or bumming a ride along nation streets of Cambodia.

Why Do Startups Fail

Why Do Startups Fail REASONS WHY STARTUPS FAILThe reasons for the high failure rate in the startup world can be attributed to one of three things: the team, the product/market fit, and the resources available. We’ll look at these one by one, and explore the various problems within each issue.PROBLEMS WITH THE TEAMIf you interview 10 fast growing startups, 9 out of 10 will say their biggest challenge is attracting top talent. It starts with the founders, is driven by vision and culture and great companies NEVER compromise in maintaining high technical and cultural bars.   Michael W EllisonThe inexperienced founders are running things;  Over 30% of companies fail because their management was not experienced enough to handle issues like finances, hiring, and marketing.  Take a look at the startup culture. 20-year old CEOs are building products and raising venture capital. Innovation comes naturally to younger people, especially in today’s technology driven world. But are these innovative young minds rea dy to take over day to day management?Being a founder of a startup and being its CEO are two different things. Often, people assume that the founder will become CEO, but this is where they are mistaken. The founder should only become CEO if he/she is qualified enough to take on the role. They may not have the experience required to take on tasks like expansion planning, underestimating budgets, and lack of planning or inventory issues.The team is not flexible enough;  Most startups have specific goals in mind they want to achieve. However, with the fast-changing online landscape, these plans might need to be re-visited, and having a team that cannot adapt to these changes will lead to failure. Roles might need to change, responsibilities might be re-assigned, and the team structure might also be up for debate. Most startups are not able to adapt quick enough to the changing market requirements, and therefore go under.The team was not built keeping requirements in mind;  Early on, it is important to define the core requirements the startup has of its team members. Buffer is a great example of a company that puts its customers first, and each team member they hire must fit into their company culture. This basic requirement means that each hire they make is made keeping in mind the specific requirements they have of their employees â€" they must be able to keep customers happy.  Many startups don’t think about the main requirements or values they have for their culture. These are important things to think about, and hiring based just on experience is often not the best way to go for a new startup that has to keep culture fit and even flexibility in mind.Team members are over or under-experienced;  Why would both under and over experience be an issue in startups? Let’s look at both sides of the issue.  Startup founders, when hiring new talent, can overlook experience in favor of personalities, comfort level, lower salaries or even relationships (hiring friends or family). This inexperience can be a massive issue later on if the startup starts growing because these inexperienced team members do not have the experience in their roles required to take the growth the next level. When team members are hired on a budget, and lack experience, they may also not be willing to commit the time required to learn new things, since they don’t feel they are being compensated enough.  The other side of it is an extremely experienced team, which is being paid top dollar for their work. Why would they cause failure for a startup? Simply by being too expensive, and using too many resources. Imagine paying every member of a team the most competitive rates in the market, all before the startup has made a single sale. A team like this needs to be able to deliver results extremely fast to compensate for the huge amounts of money being spent on hiring them.PROBLEMS WITH PRODUCT/MARKET FITOne of the key lessons I learned is that great startups have a blindingl y obvious, ideally really large and painful problem that the company is trying to solve. Solving this problem should drive almost every decision in the startup. â€" Vinay on Vitoto’s FailureMarket isn’t big enough to sustain high growth;  Ever had a great idea for a product, but then realized you have no idea who’d buy it? This is a common problem with startups where they get ahead of themselves, do not research the market (and potential for market growth) and end up spending too much on a product that cannot find enough consumers to sustain growth. When the total market for a product has a natural ceiling on it (let’s say 10,000 people), how can you hope to sustain growth?Enough people do not know about the product;  Great product, excellent team behind it, but no one knows (and therefore buys) it. This is a common problem with startups that don’t know how to budget properly for marketing (since it can be expensive) and are not able to take advantage of social media chann els to spread the word. All marketing need not be in the form of paid advertisements, since the cost for these can go through the roof at times. But inexperienced team members can often face the problem of not knowing how to spread the word about the product to the right people, and thus market.Product doesn’t fill a growing need;  The first things investors want to know is the problem your product will solve. If you can’t answer this, you’re going to have trouble, not just raising funds, but also attracting customers. Why do products need to solve a problem? Because eventually you are going to be interested in monetizing, and if the product isn’t filling a gap in the consumer’s life, they aren’t going to be willing to pay for it. Investors need to ensure a future return on investment, so they are very interested in products that have a big market/monetization potential.Too much competition;  As bad as it is to launch a product that doesn’t have a market, it can be tou gher to launch one that has a market but it is already saturated with the same kind of product. When you launch a product with a lot of competition, you need to be able to differentiate it from the rest. It needs to solve a problem none of the other products are able to address, or do it better.PROBLEMS WITH RESOURCESWhether its bank loans or venture capital, the process of raising money is draining, miserable, and distracting from the process of actually building something. Not just your business, but  you, are constantly on trial. It has the same effect on the psyche as a lawsuit. â€" Michael O. ChurchNot enough funding;  While bootstrapping a startup is common nowadays, a lack of funds is a serious detriment to success. A lack of funds is the biggest reason behind why startups cannot hire the right people for the initial team, since they cannot provide enough incentives to attract them. The startup also needs funds to be able to market, and also spend on equipment for product dev elopment.Too much funding;  Who would have thought too much money was a bad thing? Startups that raise a huge amount of money right off the bat, but are not strategic about spending it, will often end up hiring too many people (or people that are too expensive) before they can support them as a company. Money also gets wasted on nice-to-haves that have no return on investment â€" like company retreats and perks like laptops or smart phones. Raising too much money also makes the team lazy, and they might not realize that the funds will run out if the startup cannot start showing returns on the initial investment.Poor management of resources;  Having a great leadership team can prevent this, but an issue that strikes both startups with over and under funding is poor management of those resources. Resources like money are limited. If a company is flush with cash, it needs to manage it to ensure the money is used over a period of time â€" strategically. If it has too little money, it ob viously needs to be able to prioritize funding.Not being able to convince investors of the value of the product;  Raising funds is one of the biggest challenges a founder faces. Investors are looking for a few specific things from startups that they want to invest in, but there often isn’t enough time available to show them the value of the product in one meeting. Unfortunately, one meeting is often all you will get. Just because you are passionate about a product does not mean the potential investor will be just as passionate.  Issues like poor presentation skills, lack of detail, poor appearance or even poor timing can be factors in why an investor walks away from a meeting.HOW TO AVOID STARTUP FAILURES Entrepreneurial activity has gone up by over 25% in the last few years. However, according to Statistic Brain, 25% of startups will fail within the first year. This rate goes up over time, with 71% failing by their 10th year. Why do so many startups fail? © Shutterstock.com | Vector7In this article, we will look at (1) why so many startups fail, and (2) how you can avoid making the same mistakes.REASONS WHY STARTUPS FAILThe reasons for the high failure rate in the startup world can be attributed to one of three things: the team, the product/market fit, and the resources available. We’ll look at these one by one, and explore the various problems within each issue.PROBLEMS WITH THE TEAMIf you interview 10 fast growing startups, 9 out of 10 will say their biggest challenge is attracting top talent. It starts with the founders, is driven by vision and culture and great companies NEVER compromise in maintaining high technical and cultural bars.   Michael W EllisonThe inexperienced founders are running things;  Over 30% of companies fail because their management was not experienced enough to handle issues like finances, hiring, and marketing.  Take a look at the startup culture. 20-year old CEOs are building products and raising venture capital. Innovation comes naturally to younger people, especially in today’s technology driven world. But are these innovative young minds ready to take over day to day management?Being a founder of a startup and being its CEO are two different things. Often, people assume that the founder will become CEO, but this is where they are mistaken. The founder should only become CEO if he/she is qualified enough to take on the role. They may not have the experience required to take on tasks like expansion planning, underestimating budgets, and lack of planning or inventory issues.The team is not flexible enough;  Most startups have specific goals in mind they want to achieve. However, with the fast-changing online landscape, these plans might need to be re-visited, and having a team that cannot adapt to these changes will lead to failure. Roles might need to change, responsibilities might be re-assigned, and the team structure might also be up for debate. Most startups are not able to a dapt quick enough to the changing market requirements, and therefore go under.The team was not built keeping requirements in mind;  Early on, it is important to define the core requirements the startup has of its team members. Buffer is a great example of a company that puts its customers first, and each team member they hire must fit into their company culture. This basic requirement means that each hire they make is made keeping in mind the specific requirements they have of their employees â€" they must be able to keep customers happy.  Many startups don’t think about the main requirements or values they have for their culture. These are important things to think about, and hiring based just on experience is often not the best way to go for a new startup that has to keep culture fit and even flexibility in mind.Team members are over or under-experienced;  Why would both under and over experience be an issue in startups? Let’s look at both sides of the issue.  Startup founders , when hiring new talent, can overlook experience in favor of personalities, comfort level, lower salaries or even relationships (hiring friends or family). This inexperience can be a massive issue later on if the startup starts growing because these inexperienced team members do not have the experience in their roles required to take the growth the next level. When team members are hired on a budget, and lack experience, they may also not be willing to commit the time required to learn new things, since they don’t feel they are being compensated enough.  The other side of it is an extremely experienced team, which is being paid top dollar for their work. Why would they cause failure for a startup? Simply by being too expensive, and using too many resources. Imagine paying every member of a team the most competitive rates in the market, all before the startup has made a single sale. A team like this needs to be able to deliver results extremely fast to compensate for the huge amou nts of money being spent on hiring them.PROBLEMS WITH PRODUCT/MARKET FITOne of the key lessons I learned is that great startups have a blindingly obvious, ideally really large and painful problem that the company is trying to solve. Solving this problem should drive almost every decision in the startup. â€" Vinay on Vitoto’s FailureMarket isn’t big enough to sustain high growth;  Ever had a great idea for a product, but then realized you have no idea who’d buy it? This is a common problem with startups where they get ahead of themselves, do not research the market (and potential for market growth) and end up spending too much on a product that cannot find enough consumers to sustain growth. When the total market for a product has a natural ceiling on it (let’s say 10,000 people), how can you hope to sustain growth?Enough people do not know about the product;  Great product, excellent team behind it, but no one knows (and therefore buys) it. This is a common problem with star tups that don’t know how to budget properly for marketing (since it can be expensive) and are not able to take advantage of social media channels to spread the word. All marketing need not be in the form of paid advertisements, since the cost for these can go through the roof at times. But inexperienced team members can often face the problem of not knowing how to spread the word about the product to the right people, and thus market.Product doesn’t fill a growing need;  The first things investors want to know is the problem your product will solve. If you can’t answer this, you’re going to have trouble, not just raising funds, but also attracting customers. Why do products need to solve a problem? Because eventually you are going to be interested in monetizing, and if the product isn’t filling a gap in the consumer’s life, they aren’t going to be willing to pay for it. Investors need to ensure a future return on investment, so they are very interested in products that have a big market/monetization potential.Too much competition;  As bad as it is to launch a product that doesn’t have a market, it can be tougher to launch one that has a market but it is already saturated with the same kind of product. When you launch a product with a lot of competition, you need to be able to differentiate it from the rest. It needs to solve a problem none of the other products are able to address, or do it better.PROBLEMS WITH RESOURCESWhether its bank loans or venture capital, the process of raising money is draining, miserable, and distracting from the process of actually building something. Not just your business, but  you, are constantly on trial. It has the same effect on the psyche as a lawsuit. â€" Michael O. ChurchNot enough funding;  While bootstrapping a startup is common nowadays, a lack of funds is a serious detriment to success. A lack of funds is the biggest reason behind why startups cannot hire the right people for the initial team, since they cannot provide enough incentives to attract them. The startup also needs funds to be able to market, and also spend on equipment for product development.Too much funding;  Who would have thought too much money was a bad thing? Startups that raise a huge amount of money right off the bat, but are not strategic about spending it, will often end up hiring too many people (or people that are too expensive) before they can support them as a company. Money also gets wasted on nice-to-haves that have no return on investment â€" like company retreats and perks like laptops or smart phones. Raising too much money also makes the team lazy, and they might not realize that the funds will run out if the startup cannot start showing returns on the initial investment.Poor management of resources;  Having a great leadership team can prevent this, but an issue that strikes both startups with over and under funding is poor management of those resources. Resources like money are limited. If a company is flush with cash, it needs to manage it to ensure the money is used over a period of time â€" strategically. If it has too little money, it obviously needs to be able to prioritize funding.Not being able to convince investors of the value of the product;  Raising funds is one of the biggest challenges a founder faces. Investors are looking for a few specific things from startups that they want to invest in, but there often isn’t enough time available to show them the value of the product in one meeting. Unfortunately, one meeting is often all you will get. Just because you are passionate about a product does not mean the potential investor will be just as passionate.  Issues like poor presentation skills, lack of detail, poor appearance or even poor timing can be factors in why an investor walks away from a meeting.HOW TO AVOID STARTUP FAILURESIt’s probably obvious by now, but a great idea isn’t all you need for a successful startup. There are many things that can lead the s tartup to failure. What can you do to avoid making these mistakes?RESEARCH THE MARKETMarket research is the first thing you must do before starting up. You research might lead you to believe your product can be tweaked to match the market requirements, or be presented in a different way, or even marketed in a specific manner. Market research prior to launch, or even launch planning, is a crucial step that can help you avoid many mistakes.Take your time with research, look at different competing products, and analyze market growth. How much would the average customer be willing to pay? Can you build a sales funnel by offering free features up-front, and providing an option to upgrade their account later?This is also the only way you can avoid entering a marketing which has no, or little, potential for growth. For founders who come across this problem in their market research, the best thing to do is re-assess the product, and re-vamp is for a different market.HAVE A CLEAR VISION FOR YOUR STARTUPWhat is your goal for your startup? Where will it be in 5 years? 10 years? What future improvements can you see in it?You need a clear vision for where your startup is going, because you are going to need it to convince:Investors to investTeam members to truly commitCustomers to buyA startup that cannot convince these three groups has no hope of succeeding. So make sure you sit down and think hard about how you are going to convince each of these groups to sign on. You can visualize your vision using words, pictures, video, or any other media you can think of, but it must be easy to explain to another person.HIRE PASSIONATE PEOPLEA team that is passionate about their jobs will always give you 100%. There is no better way of ensuring your people are on-point with sales, marketing, and even product development. Hiring your first few team members based on their passion for the product (while keeping expertise and personality fit with the remainder of the team) is a great wa y to make sure your team will be off to a great start.FOCUS ON THE PRODUCT AND CUSTOMERSA passionate team will find it very easy to focus on two core things: the product, and the customer. But as a founder you must be willing to drive this attitude down from the top. Your team will look to you for guidance, and if you aren’t passionate about the product, or truly motivated to help your customers, you will soon see the same lack of enthusiasm in your team.You should also keep this in mind while researching your market. If you are truly passionate about solving a growing problem, you will do well to hear what your customer â€" or potential customers â€" have to say about how it can be solved. Get involved in A/B testing with your product development team. Take out the time to answer customer support tickets. Both these things will help you connect better with your core focuses.FIND GOOD MENTORSA great mentor is like a light on a dark stormy night. As a founder, you will have a lot o f days where you won’t know up from down, want to quit and move to a desert island. A great mentor will be able to guide you through the toughest parts of starting up a new company: raising funds and finding the right team. Don’t think you can go it alone, and start looking for people in the same industry who might be interested in advising you as you go along the road.HAVE THE RIGHT PERSON PRESENT THE RIGHT THINGS TO INVESTORSThe best startup teams (yes, teams!) have two kinds of people. The people who are passionate about product development, and the ones who can sell it to others. This second group is just as important as the first one, and ideally your co-founder (if not you) is great at schmoozing with the investors.Investors want to be able to visualize success and growth. They want to see charts that show them they will get a great return on their investment. Be ready to show this to them. Help them visualize the product in the way you see it. Learn how to transfer your p assion for the product to them early on and you will have no trouble fund-raising.Convincing investors to part with their money in one short meeting is an art, and while founders do get better over time, they need to be able to get a few key things rightInclude the following things when presenting to potential investors:ProductProduct DemandBusiness GrowthGoalsProfitSalesExpensesWith careful planning and organization you can make sure that your business does not fail. Be prepared for things to change in your company as it grows. As your company expands your employees must be prepared to change the original goals, plans, cost, duties and obligations to support your new company. This is the same for you you cannot build a business and expect your employees or partners to run the show for you.As an entrepreneur you cannot just flip a coin and hope that luck is on your side.   You have to make it happen.Here is some additional great video that you can watch learn more about why startup fail.

african american leaders Essay - 961 Words

Jesse Jackson, Mumia Abu-Jamal, Booker T. Washington, and W.E.B DuBois are all African American leaders. All of these men were leaders in their own time and their own sense, living in different eras with different views, but they all shared common ground. All four were African Americans trying to overcome obstacles and become influential leaders in their society. Jesse Jackson was an African American civil rights activist and political leader. He was born in Greenville, South Carolina in 1941. Jackson overcame numerous childhood insecurities. He was shunned and taunted my classmates and neighbors. However, instead of letting this adversity defeat him, Jackson developed his exceptional drive and understanding for the oppressed. He†¦show more content†¦That is what drew attention to his trial. For the last 17 years Mumia has been locked up and denied any visits from family or press. Although imprisoned and â€Å"silenced† he is still considered an influential voice. Booker T. Washington rose up from slavery and illiteracy to become the foremost educator and leader of black Americans at the turn of the century. He was born on April 5, 1856 in Franklin County, Virginia. As a child he worked in the salt mines but always found time for education. Washington constantly dreamed of college but as an African American this dream was nearly impossible. His scrupulous working habits from the mines set him out for college at the Hampton Institute. He graduated in 1876 and became a teacher at a rural school. After 2 years of teaching, he went back to the Hampton Institute and was a â€Å"professor† here for 2 more years. His next challenge would be at a new all black college, Tuskegee Institute where he would become president. Under Washingtons leadership (1881-1915), Tuskegee Institute became an important force in black education. Washington won a Harvard honorary degree in 1891. Washington was powerful and influential in both the black and white communities. He was a confidential advisor to President Roosevelt and for years, presidential political appointments of African-Americans were cleared through him. By the last years of his life Washington began speakingShow MoreRelatedThe Civil Rights Movement and African American Leaders550 Words   |  2 Pages African Americans were fighting for freedom for centuries. They were treated very badly and they had supposedly going to have a better way of life after WWII. Keep reading to find out how African Americans struggled for equality in voting and the opportunity for a good quality education. First, African American leaders argued that everyone should be treated equally. They wanted black African American men to be able to vote just like the white American men did. The whites refused to allow theRead MoreAfrican American Leaders Post- Reconstruction Essay1320 Words   |  6 PagesDouglass was asked to tell his story at abolitionist meetings, after which he became a regular anti-slavery lecturer. At the urging of his mentor William Lloyd Garrison, Douglass wrote an autobiography, â€Å"Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass†, an American slave in 1845. Becoming a bestseller, and still a Fugitive slave, Douglass left the country to avoid capture. Speaking in Ireland and Britain, anti slavery supporters gathered funds to secure his legal freedom and Douglass returned to the UnitedRead MoreBenjamin Chavis Muhammad: An African American Civil Rights Leader3105 Words   |  13 PagesIntroduction Benjamin Chavis Muhammad is an African American civil rights leader. He was born on 22 January, 1948 in Oxford, North Carolina. He has taken his last name Muhammad sometime later in his life. His parents were Benjamin Chavis Sr. and Elisabeth Chavis. He was the only son of his parents among his three siblings. He did his schooling from the orphanage of colored people in North Carolina, where his mother worked as a teacher. Chavis became the member of National Association for AdvancementRead MoreFrederick Douglass : An African American Activist, Writer, And Political Leader1892 Words   |  8 Pages20, 1895 was an African-American social activist, abolitionist, orator, writer, and political leader. After evading from vassalage in Maryland, he became a public driver of the abolitionist motion from Massachusetts and New York, convenient character for his dazzling oratory and incisive antislavery writings. In his time he was described by abolitionists as a living contrasted-specimen to slaveholders arguments that captive lacked the mental capacity to act as independent American citizens. NorthernersRead MoreFrederick Douglass : An African American Activist, Writer, And Political Leader1891 Words   |  8 Pages 1895 was an African-American social activist, abolitionist, orator, writer, and political leader. After evade from vassalage in Maryland, he became a public driver of the abolitionist motion from Massachusetts and New York, convenient character for his dazzling oratory and incisive antislavery writings. In his time he was described by abolitionists as a living contrasted-specimen to slaveholders arguments that captive lacked the mental capacity to activity as independent American citizens. NorthernersRead MoreWas Marcus Garvey The Most Significant African American Civil Rights Leader?1606 Words   |  7 Pageswas Marcus Garvey the most significant African American civil rights leader in the period 1865-1945? The period between 1865 and 1945 saw some of the most dramatic social, political and economic changes in America. The key issue of black civil rights throughout this period was advocated and led by a range of significant, emotive and inspiring leaders. Marcus Garvey was a formidable public speaker and is often named as the most popular black nationalist leader of the early twentieth century. He believedRead MoreDr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was a protester and leader in the African-American Civil Rights1000 Words   |  4 PagesDr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was a protester and leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement, greatly known for his use of nonviolent forms of demonstration. On a specific occasion, King was arrested for leading a peaceful protest as part of the Birmingham Campaign, which attempted to bring national awareness to the gruesome treatment endured by blacks. While in jail, King replies to the clergyman’s remarks of him being a foreign agitator in his â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham jail,† passionatelyRead MoreThe African American Wom Shaping Of A Leader1558 Words   |  7 PagesThe African American Woman: Shaping of a Leader in Higher Education History and Struggles of Women in Higher Education The purpose of this literature review is to explore challenges, experiences, and successful strategies that African American women have encountered in the shaping of leadership in higher education. This review focuses on the history and struggles of women in higher education, male dominance, and African American women who have become successful in leadership roles. Some of the literatureRead MoreMalcolm X : An African American Leader1337 Words   |  6 PagesMalcolm X was an African-American leader and prominent figure in the Nation of Islam. Malcolm X articulated concepts of race pride and black nationalism in the 1950s and 60s. Born on May 19, 1925, in Omaha, Nebraska, Malcolm X was a prominent black nationalist leader who served as a spokesman for the Nation of Islam during the 1950s and 60s. Due largely to his efforts, the Nation of Islam grew from a mere 400 members at the time he was released from prison in 1952 to 40,000 members by 1960. ArticulateRead MoreAfrican American Religious Leaders That Argued Against Slavery Essay1477 Words   |  6 Pages7 Moffitt Geraldine Moffitt Church State November, 10, 2016 Dr. Karen Carr Lemuel Haynes (1753-1833) While conducting research, Lemuel Haynes was found to be one of the most influential African-American religious leaders that argued against slavery. Sidwell, (1999) stated that ?To the late twentieth century, when Christians vigorously debate the question of racial reconciliation and how to achieve it,?Lemuel?Haynes?represents a significant symbolic ?first?, the first black pastor

Inertia and the Laws of Motion

Inertia is the name for the tendency of an object in motion to remain in motion, or an object at rest to remain at rest  unless acted upon by a force. This concept was quantified in Newtons First Law of Motion. The word inertia came from the Latin word iners, which means idle or lazy and was first used by Johannes Kepler. Inertia and Mass Inertia is a quality of all objects made of matter that possess mass. They keep doing what they are doing until a force changes their speed or direction. A ball sitting still on a table wont start rolling around unless something pushes on it, be it your hand, a gust of air, or vibrations from the surface of the table. If you tossed a ball in the frictionless vacuum of space, it would travel on at the same speed and direction forever unless acted on by gravity or another force such as a collision. Volker Mà ¶hrke / Getty Images Mass is a measure of inertia. Objects of higher mass resist changes in motion more than objects of lower mass. A more massive ball, such as one made of lead, will take more of a push to start it rolling. A styrofoam ball of the same size but low mass may be set in motion by a puff of air. Theories of Motion From Aristotle to Galileo In everyday life, we see rolling balls come to rest. But they do so because they are acted on by force of gravity and from the effects of friction and air resistance. Because that is what we observe, for many centuries Western thought followed the theory of Aristotle, who said that moving objects would eventually come to rest and needed continued force to keep them in motion. In the seventeenth century, Galileo experimented with rolling balls on inclined planes. He discovered that as friction was reduced, balls rolled down an inclined plane attained almost the same height rolling back up an opposing plane. He reasoned that if there were no friction, they would roll down an incline and then keep rolling on a horizontal surface forever. It wasnt something innate in the ball that caused it to stop rolling; it was contact with the surface. Newtons First Law of Motion and Inertia Isaac Newton developed the principles shown in Galileos observations into his first law of motion. It takes a force to stop the ball from continuing to roll once it is set in motion. It takes a force to change its speed and direction. It doesnt need a force to continue moving at the same speed in the same direction. The first law of motion is often referred to as the law of inertia. This law applies to an inertial reference frame. Corollary 5 of Newtons Principia says: The motions of bodies included in a given space are the same among themselves, whether that space is at rest or moves uniformly forwards in a straight line without circular motion. In this way, if you drop a ball on a moving train that is not accelerating, you will see the ball fall straight downward, as you would on a train that was not moving.

Esraa ali Free Essays

The Dubai Mall Dubai mall is one of the biggest malls in the world, and the biggest mall in the UAE, it’s located in Dubai near of Khalifa Tower. It’s an amazing place, a lot of people visit Dubai to see Dubai mall. Dubai mall includes more than 1,200 shops and most of them are expensive but some of them are affordable. We will write a custom essay sample on Esraa ali or any similar topic only for you Order Now Clothes shops such as Mark Spencer and HM, sports stuffs such as Nike and Puma, Electronic shops, Candy stores, Shoes shops such as Aldo, Shoe Mart and Crocs , And for sure baby shops such as Mother care and many others . In the 2nd floor, there where you can find the Food Court which filled with many different kinds of restaurants, Fast food restaurants such as Shack Shack and MacDonald’s, Family restaurants such as Chilies, Chinese food restaurants such as Bamboo Garden restaurant and Indian food restaurants such as Maharaja Palace. Dubai mall even includes Mexican food restaurants such as Amrigds and healthy food restaurants such as Subway for those who likes to keep their selves fit. Finally its worth to mention that Dubai mall includes a very large entertainment place such as Dubai Aquarium And under water Zoo for an amazing experience in he underwater world, The Ice rink , the Shark tunnel, and for sure Cinema with a large screens and more than 2,800 seats for the movie lovers ! its worth to mention that Dubai mall entertainment court includes a fast roller Costar which can give you an unforgettable ride. And near of it there where you can find the Kids Playing Court. To conclude, Dubai Mall is a perfect place to have fun and to spend an unforgettable day, in my opinion the view of the Dancing fountain in the mall is very adorable. It’s a perfect place to enjoy and to have a very good shopping experience. How to cite Esraa ali, Papers

International Organization in Global Environment Ford

Question: Discuss about theInternational Organization in Global Environmentfor Ford. Answer: Introduction The following report is based on four different blogs derived from the e-learning activities. The first blog discusses about Ford and Taylorism. The e-learning activities help to learn how scientific management theory developed by Taylor shaped the work process of modern organization. Likewise, the second blog is about structure and strategy and from this e-learning activity, it is learnt that structure might not follow the strategy in all cases. Similarly, last blog is about Holacracy; based on the concept of Holcracy, it is learnt from the e-learning activity that each individual in the organization has the right to apply his or her own ideas. In addition, the management plays a big role in protecting those ideas. The ideas and key concepts are derived from the e-learning activities and thereafter, those ideas are implemented to the real context. Ford and Taylorism Listing the key ideas from the prescribed e-learning activity From the e-learning activities, it is observed that Taylor developed a number of management and organizational theories that led to significant breakthrough in business practices. With the help of a stopwatch as the primary tool, Taylor applied time and motion studies to investigate the work. Taylor developed the calculation about how long each discreet motion took, and then recombined and rebuilt to decrease all wasted motions (Spender and Kijne 2012). As the consequence, Taylor achieved significant gains in productivity by that time. Thus, it is identified that since that era, the ranges of industrial manufacturing have increased exceptionally across the world. The idea developed by Taylor dramatically contributed to the modern methods of mass production as well as structural firm. The e-learning activity also helps to learn that the core principles of scientific management theory of Taylor was about the fact that individual workers could be more productive, if they are assigned wi th the job that suit their capabilities as well as strength (Tadajewski and Jones 2012). In addition, time study department at Ford Motor Company had efficient workers with stopwatches working to examine the work process and decrease the wasteful motion. However, e-learning activity also helps to learn that in order to make some amendments in the strategy, Ford came up with a revolutionary idea that brought in the quintessential expression of scientific management. Thus, instead of taking workers to the work, teams of workers go to work spot as well as build a car successively. The new paradigm divided the work process into some small constitutes parts. Applying to those Ideas to Real Context The e-learning activity helps to observe how Taylor broke down the work process with the help of scientific management theory. It is true that scientific management theory of Taylor helped the modern business to gain the mass production. However, the business industry in the recent time has become more dynamic due to the changing needs of external environment. Especially, the business industry in Australia and America focus develops the strategies on a more frequent basis instead of applying a long-term strategy. The manufacturing industries in Australia and America are more concerned with the employee needs and demand. Even though, Taylors scientific management theory offered the process of eliminating physical demand of factory labor, it has increased the mental pressure due to the repetition of work as well as labor of implementing the same task many times. I worked for two and half years in a private grocery firm called Mulberry as an assistant production manager, I have observed that employees do not intend to implement the same work; they rather use the experience to a new task. Employees look for promotion instead of sticking to same type of task. In addition to this, in the context of a Call Centre, the idea of assigning the work to the people based on their capabilities is adaptable to some extent. However, eve the employees in Call Centre do not prefer to stick to the position; they look for senior position where they could apply their knowledge. Structure and Strategy The e-learning activity helps to learn that in the time of economic turbulence, the disruptive technology, globalization fierce competition are strongly affecting the organization. The strategy of Yves Moriex is a senior partner as well as managing directors in BCG. The speech of Yves helps to learn that it is essential for many leaders to adapt to dynamic conditions to boost the performance of the company. By deriving intensive organizational reviews, the company leaders could change the route of their business (Vine 2016). From the e-learning activity, it is also learnt that the organizations in the corporate environment could be vague. Based on the prescribed e learning, it can be mentioned that organizational structure could influence the strategies. Though Yves Moriex claims that structure can be influenced by the organizational culture, this concept is not applicable to cases. In some particular cases, the strategies could follow the organizational culture; this happens due to the poor organizational governance. Holacracy Holacracy is the committee management that emphasises the experimentation process. The current business world is associated with the innovations and advancements. The leaders encourage the employees to bring experimental process in the organisational functionalities. The CEO of Silicon valley has been looking forward to provide the proper protection to the employees for experimenting with the effective ideas. The concept is renowned as holacracy. The information derived from the reading explains that sometimes, the holacracy process signifies the centralisation power, which is suffocating the innovation process. The frequent changes in the current world are much flexible and thus ensuring more threats to the process. The management level does not interfere in this process and the employees take the autonomy to bring innovative ideas and experimentations. Despite of the autonomy process in the holacracy management, the CEO still pays the closer attention to the necessities of the empl oyees (Greenfield 2015). It is noted that the traditional business method is focusing on organising the social events and design the new marketing strategy. On the other hand, the holcracy process brings the new ideas to make the functions miscellaneous. In Zapposs holacracy, it was noted that the typical call centre worker planned up the events and social lunch menu for maintaining the proper corporate social responsibility (Van De Kamp 2014). Conclusion The above-discussed learning activities help to observe that each idea found in the blogs have relevance to the real world context. This means in some particular cases, theory of scientific management can be applied when the organizations have to deal with the massive production. However, in small and medium size organizations might not apply this theory. Likewise, te the concept structure follows strategy is also not relevant to all context as due to poor governance in the company could affect the culture strategy. Reference Spender, J.C. and Kijne, H. eds., 2012.Scientific Management: Frederick Winslow Taylors Gift to the World?. Springer Science Business Media. Tadajewski, M. and Jones, D.B., 2012. Scientific marketing management and the emergence of the ethical marketing concept.Journal of Marketing Management,28(1-2), pp.37-61. Vine, N., 2016.How Can We Make This Happen?: Successful Change Through Incentives and Trust. Trenchant Books. Greenfield, R., 2015. Zappos CEO Tony Hsieh: Adopt Holacracy or Leave.Fast Company. Van De Kamp, P., 2014. HolacracyA radical approach to organizational design.Elements of the Software Development Process-Influences on Project Success and Failure. University of Amsterdam, pp.13-26.

Radio Early History Essays - Photovoltaics,

Radio: Early History Presentation Dialogue SOLAR ENERGY. All life on Earth depends on energy from the sun. Solar energy is the source of energy for photosynthesis. It provides the warmth necessary for plants and animals to survive. The heat from the sun causes water on the Earth's surface to evaporate and form clouds that eventually provide fresh rainwater. Solar energy is the result of thermonuclear fusion reactions deep within the sun. These reactions produce so much energy that they keep the surface temperature of the sun at about 10,300B0F (5,700B0C). Even though solar energy is the largest source of energy received by the Earth, its intensity at the Earth's surface is actually very low due to the large distance betwee n the Earth and the sun and the fact that the Earth's atmosphere absorbs and scatters some of the radiation. Even on a clear day with the sun directly overhead, the energy that reaches the Earth's surface is reduced about 30 percent by the atmosphere. When the sun is near the horizon and the sky is overcast, the solar energy at ground level can be negligible. It also varies from one point to another on the Earth's surface. Nevertheless, in the 20th century, the sun's energy has become an increasingly attractive source for small amounts of direct power to meet human needs. A number of devices for collecting solar energy and converting it into electricity have been developed, and solar energy is used in a variety of ways. Solar energy is used to heat houses, and in many countries specially designed solar ovens are used for cooking. The sun also supplies energy to electric generators that provide power for weather and communications satellites and for radio and television equipment. Because the intensity of the sun's radiation at the surface of the Earth is so low, collectors designed to capture solar energy must be large. In the sunniest parts of the continental United States, for example, in orde r for a collector to gather enough energy to serve one person for one day, the area of the collector's surface must be about 430 square feet (40 square meters). The actual energy that can be used depends on the efficiency of the collector and of the device that converts the radiation into usable energy. Flat-plate collectors. The most common flat-plate collectors consist of a dark metal plate, covered with one or two sheets of glass, that absorbs heat. The heat is transferred to air or water, called carrier fluids, that flows past the back of the plate. This heat may be used directly or it may b e transferred to another medium. Flat-plate collectors are used for home and hot-water heating . Flat-plate collectors typically heat carrier fluids to temperatures ranging from 150B0 to 200B0F (66B0 to 93B0C). The efficienc y of such collectors varies from 20 to 80 percent. Concentrating collectors. When higher temperatures are required, a concentrating collector is used. These collectors reflect and concentrate sunlight from a wide area. One such device, called a solar furnace, was installed in the Pyrenees in France and has several acres of mirrors focused on a single target. The energy concentrated at the target is 3,000 times tha t received by any single mirror, and the unit produces temperatures of up to 3,630B0F (2,000B0C). Another structure, the so-called "power tower" plant near Barstow, Calif., generates 10,000 kilowatts of electricity. Here, the furnac e acts as a boiler and generates steam for a steam turbine-electric generator power plant. In sophisticated concentrating collectors such as the California tower, each mirror is rotated by a heliostat that directs the sun's rays fro m the mirror to the target. Positioning motors, drives, and controllers make such systems expensive. Less costly collectors can produce temperatures lowe r than those of more advanced concentrating collectors but higher than those o f flat-plate collectors. For example, parabolic reflectors that concentrate sunlight on black pipes can produce fluid temperatures of about 400B0 to 55 0B0F (200B0 to 290B0C) and can concentrate the solar energy up to 50 times its original strength. Small Stand-Alone DC System The small stand-alone system is an excellent replacement for propane or kerosene lights in a remote cabin, a recreational vehicle or a boat. The size of the photovoltaic (PV) array and battery will depend upon individual requirements. The actual sizing methods are discussed elsewhere. The PV arra y charges the battery during daylight hours and the battery supplies power to the loads as needed. The charge regulator terminates the charging when the battery reaches full charge. The load center may contain meters to monitor system operation and fuses to protect wiring in

Advanced Fiber Reinforced Composites essays

Advanced Fiber Reinforced Composites essays Fiber-reinforced composites are composed of axial  particulates  embedded in a matrix  material.  The objective of fiber-reinforced composites is, to obtain a material with  high specific strength, high specific modulus, high strength, and high elastic modulus for its weight. The strength is obtained by having the applied load  transmitted from the matrix to the fibers.  Hence, interfacial bonding is important.Classic examples of fiber-reinforced composites include fiberglass and wood.A commonly used glass fiber composition  for  structural composites  is E-glass, in which E stands for "electrical type". It is  a lime-aluminum-borosilicate glass with zero or low sodium and potassium levels. It is  popular because it has chemical durability. A more advanced and expensive fiber  is  S-glass,  a  magnesia-alumina-silicate glass that  is used  for high-strength applications. There are three types of fiber geometry: There are 2 different geometries for aligned fibers: Racing cars used to be made of the same sort of materials as road cars that is steel, aluminum and other metals. In the early 1980s, however, Formula 1 underwent the beginnings of a revolution that has become its hallmark today: the use of carbon composite materials to build the chassis. Today, most of the racing car chassis - the monocoque, suspension, wings and engine cover - is built with carbon fiber. The first step along the way to making a carbon fiber car looks more like a clothing factory than a car factory. In each Formula 1 team factory is a room with large tables on which vast sheets of what looks like cloth are laid out and cut to size. Taken from large textile-like rolls, these sheets are highly pliable, flexible, and unlike textiles, will end up looking nothing like their original form. Once the material is cut out from the cloth-like roll, it is taken to a design room and placed into molds. The position of the cloth within the mold is important, as it...

Rotterdam Rules Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Rotterdam Rules - Essay Example After coming into effect these changes are bound to reflect on different stakeholders in the maritime business. With an increase in business activities, all around the globe, the sea route has become very busy and active, thus generating more demand for regulations and expertise in Maritime law. Container and shipping industry is capital intensive business and requires huge amount of investment to start the business. Safety and environmental concerns obviously result in high levels of regulations for the industry. It took well over seven years for the U.N. Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) and its Working Group III on Transport Law, to deliberate on the nuances of the new legislation for the shipping industry. Subsequently the Comit Maritime International (CMI) took another four years of preparatory work to pave the way for the United Nations to adopt the 'Convention on Contracts for the International Carriage of Goods Wholly or Partly by Sea' in December 2008 meeting (Sturley, 2009). The Rotterdam convention is bound to have an impact on different stakeholders in the maritime business in varying measures, depending upon a number of factors. The Cargo owners are certainly an important part in this business. With projections of the global marine industry to be worth $924.5 billion by the year 2013, registering an increase of 23.4 percent since 2008, the Rotterdam rules are bound to play a crucial role in the marine industry (Datamonitor, 2009). Futuristic projections say that the global marine industry is bound to witness a volume of about 21.7 in the year 2013, which makes the role of cargo owners all the more crucial. In fact Rotterdam rules are seen the first serious attempt to replace the age old maritime rules with a new set of modernistic guidelines to make the maritime business more attractive and less speculative. With trade volumes increasing as we move along in the 21st century, the global marine trade has been growing at a rapid pace. Research reports indicate that the rate of growth between 2004 and 2006 had been quite attractive, but subsequent years saw decline owing to the prevalence of all round recessionary trends. Though the recession is far from over yet, but the industry is witnessing higher volume of trade in the recent months. Rotterdam has got the honours of hosting the UN Convention because of its being one of largest ports around the world. In fact, the traditional competition for the best and largest has been between Rotterdam and Singapore. But, the phenomenal rise of China in global trade has made Shanghai as a tough competitor for being the number one port in terms of cargo handling. More movement of goods and services due to the trend amongst the MNCs to manufacture products in countries like China and then transport it back to the western world or Europe, implies greater opportunity for the shipping industry. As per the United Nation estimates, the shipping industry was able to move 8 billion tons of cargo in 2007. This amounts to about 80 percent of the volume of world trade. Oil comprised of the main cargo shipment followed closely by iron ore and coal (UN, 2009). The cargo owners have therefore a big role in carrying forward the globalisation and liberalisation regime. Rotterdam rules have brou ght about a series of changes in the existing framework while making provisions for emerging situations in the increased transportation of the goods around the world.

Where The Five Functional Areas Of Network Management (FCAPS) Are Not Essay

Where The Five Functional Areas Of Network Management (FCAPS) Are Not Adhered To - Essay Example They also have committed to provide business to the tune of 100 seats in the next two year. The organisation also wants to setup offices across many cities out of US. Presently the system of the company x is not good enough to cater the needs of the customers and the company x is also facing some problems because it has not implemented the OSI application functions namely, fault, configuration Accounting performance and security management. Due to this the present system of networking management is facing the following problems: First the fault management in the company x is not working properly i.e. not providing clear and correct report about the incident/fault which has occurred and therefore the problem arises about identifying the fault and its source. In this way the system cannot priorities the fault, which has occurred and cannot be able to restore services on time and properly. Some Hardware faults to be handled instantaneously through replacement to restore services cannot be attended immediately. Due to fault in network, a user is immediately affected and the better services could not be provided to the users. The most common and serious problems of networks are connectivity failure, which are in the category of fault management. The network failure is caused more often by a node failure than by failure of passive links. When this happens all downstream systems from the interface are inaccessible. Such failures are associated with the network interface card, which needs replacement. The nod failures manifest as connectivity failures to the user. Another cause of network connectivity failure is procedural but very common. Network connectivity is based on IP address, which is a logical address assigned by the network administrator. The IP address in uniquely associated with a physical MAC address of network component. However mistakes are made in assigning duplicate IP addresses, especially in an enterprise environment with many system administrators. A host or system interface problem is a shared medium can bring the entire segment down. It becomes nightmare for the network manager to isola te problem without causing interruption is services. The intermittent problem could also occur as a result traffic overload, which would cause packets to be lost. Sometimes the management system indicates failure, when in actuality data traffic is flowing normally. Power hits could reset network component configuration, causing network failure. The network has a permanent configuration (default) and a dynamic configuration (runtime) and thus a performance problem could manifest as a network delay. The company is using LAN networking system, which is not sufficient for the organization. Because of connection through wires / cables and switches, it is not useful. So without proper network connecting Architecture, Company is facing lots of problems. Due to circuit - switch connection security of data and information has always been at stake. Security conscious clients always looking for more security proof network. Security plays a crucial role in deciding network architectures. Due to multiple servers at single location cannot fulfill the requirement of the organisation. Organisation had a network having lesser bandwidth and this creates lots of problem. The network used at a time by number of concurrent users for various applications and which takes longer response time and at times posting websites will be more than that of an organisation processing manufacturing orders. (Also the cost of the LAN system where

Effects of globalization on hospitality and tourism industry

Effects of globalization on hospitality and tourism industry In recent years, organizations in the hospitality and tourism industry have experienced a great deal of turmoil as the competitive forces within their industry have shifted under the weight of globalization. To survive, many companies must now build competitive advantage by relying on their employees to implement improved service delivery processes. Shifting travel markets, world-class competition, and escalating operating costs are forcing hospitality and tourism organizations to pay more attention than ever before to the needs and desires of their customers. This means that companies are having to find ways to become more responsive and create greater value for their customers. The quality of an organizations service delivery hinges in part upon its people. How frontline personnel act has a determining influence on customers perceptions of service quality and, in turn, on the overall level of customer satisfaction. However, even employees who are not directly involved in serving the customer have an indirect impact on customer satisfaction by means of the backup support they provide to frontline staff. The important role employees play in the success of service organizations, human resource management has traditional been a weak link in the hospitality and tourism industry. QESTION 1 Explain the communication process and same common forms of communication use in hospitality and tourism industry. INTRODUCTION QUESTION 1 Communication is perhaps the most important and most used of all skills in the hospitality and tourism industry. Managers spend the largest portion of their time in verbal or written communication with their employees, other managers, or outside parties. Frontline employees have frequent interaction with customers and other employees. Other staff members communicate among themselves, as well as with their managers, frontline employees, suppliers, and so on, to give and receive the information they need to perform their jobs. Communication has been recognized as the means by which both people and the organization survive. When human beings lack the ability to cope with life, the source of the problem is often a lack of appropriate information. Incomplete and unorganized information places a heavy strain on the ability of people make sense out of their existence. Their performance of a job depends on having the necessary information, having the skills to do a job depends on the quality of communication during the skills acquisition period. 1.1: Verbal communication Verbal communication is further divided into written and oral communication. The oral communication refers to the spoken words in the communication process. Oral communication can either be face-to-face communication or a conversation over the phone or on the voice chat over the internet. Spoken conversation or dialogs are influenced by voice modulation, pitch, volume and even the speed and clarity of speaking. The other type of verbal communication is written communication. Written communication can be either via snail mail, or email. The effectiveness of written communication depends on the style of writing, vocabulary used, grammar, clarity and precision of language. 1.2: Nonverbal communication Nonverbal communication is such as facial expression, gestures, posture, and tone of voice is an important component of personal business interactions. Nonverbal communication can help a small business owner to get a message across, or to successful interpret a message received from another person. On the other hand, nonverbal communication can also send signals that interfere with the effective presentation or reception of message. Nonverbal communication is usually understood as the process of communication through sending and receiving wordless messages. Such messages can be communicated through gesture body language or posture, facial expression and eye contact, object communication such as clothing, hairstyle or even architecture, symbols and info graphics. Speech may also contain nonverbal elements knows as paralanguage, including voice quality, emotion and speaking style, as well as prosodic features such as rhythm, intonation and stress. Likewise, written texts have nonverbal elements such as handwriting style, spatial arrangement of words, or the use of motion. However much of nonverbal communication process has focused on face-to-face interaction, where it can be classified into three principal areas and they are environmental conditions where communication takes place, the physical characteristics of the communicators, and behavior of communicators during interaction 1.3: Verbal VS Oral communication Scholars in this field usually use a strict sense of the team verbal, meaning of or concerned with words, and do not use verbal communication as a synonym for oral or spoken communication. Thus, vocal sounds which are not considered to be words, such as a grunt, or singing a wordless note, are nonverbal. Sign languages and writing are generally understood as forms of verbal communication, as both make use of words although like speech, both may contain paralinguistic elements and often occur alongside nonverbal messages. Nonverbal communication can occur through any sensory channel sight, sounds, smell, touch or taste. Nonverbal communication is important as when we speak or listen, our attention is focused on words rather than body language. But our judgment includes both. An audience is simultaneously processing both verbal and nonverbal cues. Body movements are not usually positive or negative in and of themselves; rather, the situation and the message will determine the appraisal . Interaction of verbal and nonverbal communication. When communicating, nonverbal messages can interact with verbal messages in six ways and they are repeating, conflicting, complementing, substituting, regulating and accenting or moderating. 1.4: Formal communication Formal communication includes all the instances where communication has to occur in a set formal format. Typically this can include all sorts of business communication or corporate communication. The style of communication in this form is very formal and official. Official conferences, meetings and written memos and corporate letters are used for communication. Formal communication can also occur between two strangers when they meet for the first time. Hence formal communication is stringent and rigid tone to it. 1.5: Informal communication Informal communication includes instances of free unrestraint communication between people who share a casual rapport with each other. Informal communication requires two people to have a similar wavelength and hence occurs between friends and family. Informal communication does not have any rigid rules and guidelines. 1.6: Appearance In oral forms of communication, the appearance of both the speaker and the surroundings are vital to the successful conveyance of a message. Whether we speaking to one person face to face or to a group in a meeting, personal appearance and the appearance of the surroundings covey nonverbal stimuli that affect attitudes even emotions toward the spoken words. For example, a speakers clothing, hairstyle, use of cosmetics, neatness, and stature may cause a listener to form impressions about her occupation, socioeconomic level, competence. Similarly, such details of the surroundings as room size, furnishings, decorations, lighting, and windows can affect a listeners attitudes toward the speaker and the message being presented. The importance of nonverbal clues in surroundings can be seen in the desire of business managers to have a corner office with a view rather than a cubicle in a crowded work area. 1.7: Body language Body language, and particularly facial expressions, can provide important information that may not be contained in the verbal portion of the communication. Facial expressions are especially helpful as they may show hidden emotions that contradict verbal statements. For example, an employee may deny having knowledge of a problem, but also have a fearful expression and glance around guiltily. Other forms of body language that may provide communication clues include posture and gestures. For example, a manager who puts his feet up on the desk may convey an impression of status and confidence, while an employee who leans forward to listen may convey interest. Gestures can add emphasis and improve understanding when used sparingly, but the continual use of gestures can distract listeners and convey nervousness. 1.8: Sounds Finally, the tone, rate, and volume of a speakers voice can convey different meanings, as can sounds like laughing, throat clearing, or humming. It is also important to note that perfume or other odors contribute to listeners impressions, as does physical contact between the speaker and the listener. Silence, or the lack of sound, is a form of nonverbal communication as well. Silence can communicate a lack of understanding or even hard feelings in a face-to-face discussion. CONCLUSION Communication can take any of a wide variety of forms. However, verbal communication is the form that is relied upon most often by managers. To be an effective verbal communicator requires that one adhere to the two basic laws of communication and be skilled in supportive communication. Much communication at the group level is conducted in meetings. Hence, effective meeting skills go hand-in-hand with effective communication within workgroup and teams. Communication at the organizational level can occur either via formal or informal channels. Each of these channels has associated benefits and a drawback, thus which channel is best depends on a given situation. Of utmost importance at the organizational level is to ensure that both internal and external communication systems are working in a way that facilitates the free flow of vital information throughout all levels and functional areas of the company. QUESTION 2 Motivation is the key to keeping performing continuously at the highest standards. How organization motivate their employees to excel at their jobs. INTRODUCTION QUESTION 2 A vital managerial function in any organization is to motivate employees. This is because motivation is inextricably linked to employee satisfaction and ensures employees consistently excel at their jobs. Motivation is especially important in the hospitality and tourism industry, where employee satisfaction and competence are key determinants of service quality. The definition of motivation is to give reason, incentive, enthusiasm, or interest that causes a specific action or certain behavior. Motivation is present in every life function. Education is motivated by desire for knowledge. Motivators can be anything from reward to coercion. Motivation plays a major role in achieving high performance in the workplace, which is an important goal of management. However, just because an employee is motivated does not guarantee she or he will perform satisfactorily. Effective performance requires ability, direction, motivation, and support from the work environment. Therefore, changing the performance of workers is rather more complicated than just motivating. In motivation they have two main kinds of motivation and they are intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic motivation is internal. It occurs when people are compelled to do something out of pleasure, importance, or desire. Extrinsic motivation occurs when external factors compel the person to do something. However, there are many theories and labels that serve as sub tittles to the definition of motivation. A common place that can see is the need to apply motivation, is in the work place. In the work place, we can see motivation play a key role in leadership success. A person unable to grasp motivation and apply it will not become or stay a leader. To motivate the employees to excel at their job is the management have to identify what motivates the employees as each employees is likely to be motivated in different ways. For example is they might find that some employees are motivated when given praise for a job well done while others excel when given a bonus or a raise. Second is the management have hold contests that pit employees in one department against employees in another department or even between employees of the same department. Offer a fun reward for those who win the contest and the management also have to listen to the employees and let them know that management are there to support and to listen to them if they have a problem or concern. By listening to the employees, the management also will be able to assess their morale and whether they need motivation. Fourth is the management must allow their employees to use new skills they have acquired. If an employee has learned a new skill or completed a training course, try our best to implement his new skill into his everyday responsibilities and keep the employees from becoming bored. The management should continually strive to ensure that their employees are being used to their full potential rather than under-using them, which can stress them out. The management should be flexible with their employees specific roles within the company. While it is important that their employees fulfill the responsibilities defined in their job description, it is equally important to ensure that the employees are allowed to be creative and to contribute in ways that go beyond their job description and the management must offer positive feedback to employees who are doing a good job. Praise can often be a powerful motivator. The last motivate employees to excel at their jobs is stay focused on motivating their employees, so the management can ensure a high level of productivity from them. If the management notice that employees are starting to lag and lose their motivation, the managements must take action as soon as possible to re-motivate them. In motivation they have seven type of motivation and they are achievement motivation, affiliation motivation, competence motivation, power motivation, attitude motivation, incentive motivation and fear motivation. Achievement motivation is the drive to pursue and attain goals. An individual with achievement motivation wishes to achieve objectives and advance up on the ladder of success. Here, accomplishment is vital for its own shake and not for the rewards that accompany it. Second is affiliation motivation. Affiliation motivation is a drive to relate to people on a social basis. Personnel with affiliation motivation perform work better when they are complimented for their propitious and co surgical procedure. Third is competence motivation. Competence motivation is the drive to be good at something, allowing the individual to perform high quality work. Competence motivated people seek job mastery, take pride in developing and using their problem-solving skills and strive to be crea tive when confronted with obstacles. Fourth types of motivation are power motivation. Power motivation it is drive to influence people and change situations. Power motivated people wish to create an impact on their organization and are willing to take risk to do so. Fifth types of motivation are attitude motivation. Attitude motivation is how people reckon and feel. It is their self confidence, their belief in them selves, their attitude to life. It is how they feel about the possibility and how they react to the past. Sixth motivation is incentive motivation. Incentive motivation it is where a person or a team reaps a reward from an activity. Example of incentive motivation is you do this and you get that, attitude. It is the types of awards and prizes that drive people to work a little harder and the last motivation is fear motivation. Fear motivation is for coercions a person to act against will. It is instantaneous and gets the job done quickly. It is helpful in the short run. The importance of motivation is obvious. The employees need motivation in order to reach their goals. In fact it is one of the most important and driving factor for the employees to reaching their goals. Motivation does not have to be positive emotions. Fear can be very effective motivating factor. Stress is an example of negative motivating ineffective feelings. Most people have a tendency to become narrow sighted when they are stressed, some even get paralyzed or apathy. It is the rewards for reaching the goals that motivates or the feeling of fulfillment when they reach their goals or the satisfaction of being important. In motivation they have behavior styles. If the employees ever come across any of the behaviour matrixs that is available on the market, they will notice some interesting things when it comes to motivation. It is easy to realize that most companies bonus and appraisal system are not very well thought. Usually a behaviour matrix divides people into four different types of behaviour group. The four IDI styles are motivator, producer, processor, and realtor. They all have different needs and are therefore motivated by different emotions. Motivators are people that are good at motivating others, they are often perceived as exciting, fast, outspoken, engaging, enthusiastic, and creating. There is always something new going on. They are often very good at getting others to want to take on new challenges. Their need is to be unique and that is driving their motivation. Producers are people that often are perceived as goal oriented, strong, self confident, practically, down to earth and determent. Producers are good at driving towards goals. Their need is to be in control and that is driving their motivation. Processors are often perceived as well thought, objective, consistent, serious and logical. They are good at structuring and analyzing and their need to understand and that is driving their motivation. Relators are often perceived as supporting, loyal, trustworthy, considerate, calm, friendly and caring. Relators are good at creating and maintaining good relations with others. CONCLUSION Motivation refers to employees willingness to exert high levels of effort toward organizational goals in the expectation that doing so will enable them to satisfy some individual need. Motivation is a necessary, but by itself not a sufficient, condition of effective performance. The recipe for effective performance also calls for employee ability, managerial direction, and a satisfactory work environment. There are various motivational theories and strategies that can be applied at the individual, group, and organizational levels. At the individual level are Maslows hierarchy of needs, Herzbergs two-factor theory, and McClellands manifest needs theory, and equity theory. Motivational theories and techniques that can best be applied at the group level include the Hawthorne effect and equity theory. At the organizational level, the following motivational theories and strategies are most applicable reinforcement theory, job enrichment, job redesign, and the Scanlon plan. CONCLUSION OVERALL People management can be defined as the process of controlling and monitoring individuals. The concept of people management is widely used in organizations where the managers most important task is to manage people. In order to increase the efficiency of the people the manager has to lead, motivate and inspire people. Sometimes rules are defined to manage people like time lines, duties and more. In order to manage the people Human Resource Departments are established in the organization. These departments are specifically responsible to deal with people of organization.

Commentary on my creative writing piece focusing on The Dubliners Essay

After completing my story, I thought I would say how the story that I had written related to the story ‘The Dubliners’. The story that I wrote, I related to the theme of paralysis and the risk of death, a vision of the future and also a little about money, which is used in The Dubliners. I chose this viewpoint on the story as I thought it would relate well to the background I was using. Especially the theme of death would work well, as death is a very common situation so it helped when I dramatised the theme. Also I decided to use the times of today, as I thought it would be more easier to relate to ‘The Dubliners’ using a situation in a lower/ middle class background, but using a cultural difference. I also decided to use third person narrative, as I thought it would be clearer in third person. I did try to use first person, but I had a bit of difficulty in putting a point across, so I decided to use third person, as I found it much more flowing to do. I decided to start off with a line, which explained the background so the story would be easier to understand, as I used a different culture. If I had gone straight into a story, the story may have been hard to understand. I included a little introduction to the character and the backgrounds, so the reader would notice what culture I was trying to show and how I was trying to relate it to The Dubliners. I think the introduction to the character and the culture, is a very important thing in my story. This was only in the beginning, but when I used a little climax. I used a twist in the middle of my story, to make sure the reader would be more interested and engaged to read on. The method I used was an everyday experience, which seemed like a big thing. This helped me to use the theme of vision of the future, with the character knowing there would be more trouble. The ending I used both of the themes of death and vision of future. I think death was a very important in the whole story, which showed the theme of paralysis. I used the theme of vision of future, as the character had death on their mind through the whole story, and this helped to use the theme of death. I think I can relate this to The Dubliners, as the theme of paralysis and the theme of death and darkness is used very often. I chose to end the story in this way as it dramatises the themes in which that I used. Also I used description, with a stressful atmosphere used. I think this ending suits the culture in which I wrote the story about. As it is believed that shootings are made in this background a lot. This I thought would be the best way to end my story. I think I thought about my main character quite a lot, especially with the culture to take in account. Also, the use of the characters pride and making the character emotional about death and escape. This helped me to explain how the character was feeling. I think I used the character well in the situation, because the background and culture is like real life. I have read and researched situation like this and deaths are always happening. This is why it was important, that I made sure the character, language and the actions were correct. This in my opinion was the best thing to do was research a little about the background, also things such as drugs, typical backgrounds, and even clothing I researched so I made sure the situation was just like real life and not something in reality. I used the background and the subject matter as it all related to one thing. Especially the setting and atmosphere, which all related to death. I used the subject of stress in my story as well, the whole theme of stress, occurred to me as a good way in which to escape or a good way to look for escape. Stress can usually consist of anger and frustration, which is how it is related to The Dubliners. These emotions are shown within my story and also The Dubliners. The language I used in my story was descriptive and also gave good and relevant information, when was needed. As I used a different content of language, I had to explain what some words meant. Also I think my story would sound effective if it was to be read out loud, as the situation is real and can happen in life. Maybe in some cases people can relate to this kind of story, as it can also send a message across about gangs, firearms, drugs, and also maybe drinking. After writing this story I think that this has many themes which could be related to the story, The Dubliners. As you can see I have included themes such as death, escape, darkness and also vision for the future. I think these themes helped me to relate the story with the best use, as cultural I was not sure on which to write a story about, that is why I used a different culture, in which I found more interesting to write about.

History of Coca-Cola Essay

Coca-Cola is a carbonated soft drink sold in stores, restaurants, and vending machines internationally. The Coca-Cola Company claims that the beverage is sold in more than 200 countries. [l] It is produced by The Coca-Cola Company in Atlanta, Georgia, and is often referred to simply as Coke (a registered trademark of The Coca- Cola Company in the United States since March 27, 1944). Originally intended as a patent medicine when it was invented in the late 19th century by John Pemberton, Coca-Cola was bought out by businessman Asa Griggs Candler, whose marketing tactics led Coke to its dominance of the world soft-drink market throughout the 20th century. The company produces concentrate, which is then sold to licensed Coca-Cola bottlers throughout the world. The bottlers, who hold territorially exclusive contracts with the company, produce finished product in cans and bottles from the concentrate in combination with filtered water and sweeteners. The bottlers then sell, distribute and erchandise Coca-Cola to retail stores and vending machines. Such bottlers include Coca-Cola Enterprises, which is the largest single Coca-Cola bottler in North America and western Europe. The Coca-Cola Company also sells concentrate for soda fountains to major restaurants and food service distributors. The Coca-Cola Company has, on occasion, introduced other cola drinks under the Coke brand name. The most common of these is Diet Coke, with others including Caffeine-Free Coca-Cola, Diet Coke Caffeine-Free, Coca-Cola Cherry, Coca-Cola Zero, Coca-Cola Vanilla, and special editions with lemon, lime or coffee. In response to consumer insistence on a more natural product, the company is in the process of phasing out E211, or sodium benzoate, the controversial additive used in Diet Coke and linked to DNA damage in yeast cells and hyperactivity in children. The company has stated that it plans to remove E211 from its other products, including Sprite and Oasis, as soon as a satisfactory alternative is found

Heloise Essay example - 659 Words

Heloise Early in the 12th century, two people were developing a relationship that not only showed them the true meaning of having to suffer the difficulties of a relationship that got off on the wrong foot, but they also documented it for the rest of the world to follow.These two people were none other than the French philosopher and theologian Peter Abelard (1079-1142?), and his wife, Heloise. To understand Heloise, first we must learn about her husband.Peter Abelard was born in Le Pallet, Bretagne in 1079, and studied at Loches with the French nominalist philosopher Roscelin and with the French realist William of Champeaux in Paris.Taking a critical stance on the teachings of his masters, Abelard went off to teach at Melun, at†¦show more content†¦Regardless of the fact that Heloise (1101-1164) was Abelard’s junior by twenty-two years, they fell into love.Not unexpectedly, Heloise became pregnant, and gave birch to a son named Astrolabe.In order to avoid bringing scandal on themselves and their families, Abelard insisted they be married in secret.Feeling guilty for what they had done, Abelard was able to persuade Heloise to take the holy vows at the Benedictine Abbey of Saint-Argenteuil.Her uncle Fulbert quickly found out about what had happened and was completely outraged, but later somewhat placated by the marriage.That quickly ended when he found out ab out Abelard forcing his niece to become a nun.Believing Abelard had used the abbey as a place to abandon Heloise, and continue with his life alone, Fulbert quickly had him castrated.Finding nothing left in his life separated from his wife and his boys, Abelard retired to a retreat at the Abbey of Saint-Denis-en-France, in Paris.This is where he began to write and publish the works that changed the world and made him famous. His first published work, a treatise on the Trinity (1121), was condemned and a Roman Catholic council ordered it burned.He was also forced to leave Saint-Denis-en-France.Out on his own, Abelard founded a chapel and oratory, called the Paraciete, at Nogent-sur-Seine.During this turbulent time in the man’s life, Heloise had advanced to prioress at Argenteuil, andShow MoreRelatedEssay on Abelard and Heloise836 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Jeff HIST 101 11/11/13 Gender As Seen in Abelard and Heloise The gender views of European medieval society were largely built upon the views of Aristotle and others alike that degraded the status of women into a lower form of life, characterizing them as secondary to men. Many successive Christian intellects such as St. Augustine also contributed to establishing the idea of misogyny in the medieval views toward the female sexuality, which helped to create the gender stereotype that severelyRead MoreThe Letters Of Abelard And Heloise1047 Words   |  5 PagesIn the book The Letters of Abelard and Heloise, Abelard and Heloise’s relationship changes dramatically as seen in their love letters. At first, their relationship was very sexual based while they were together. I feel that the shift in their relationship happened when they became physically separated. As soon as the separation occurred, their relationship became a primarily chaste relationship. My goal in this paper is to demonstrate why I feel that Abelard and Heloise’s rel ationship changed fromRead MoreThe Letters of Abelard and Heloise1200 Words   |  5 PagesIn The Letters of Abelard and Heloise, Abelard and Heloise’s faith and morals are justified solely by the Church and society. This discussion of virginity, sex, punishment, society, religion and ethnical views are all tied together into one autobiography written by Pierre Abelard himself. Pierre Abelard was born in 1079 B.C in France. Abelard was born into a minor noble family where he learned quickly and excelled in the art of dialect, a branch of physiology, which at the time consisted solelyRead MoreThe Story Of Heloise And Abelard1990 Words   |  8 PagesThe story of Heloise and Abelard is not unlike that of William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet in the sense that there was drama, family trials, and immeasurable passion. Known for her intelligence and sexual relationship with Abelard, Heloise was not the typical medieval woman. The life of Heloise was not conventional in the sense that she gave birth to a child out of wedlock and was reluctant to marry Abelard even though her reputation as a woman was tarnished due to their relationship. The sourcesRead MoreAbelard and Heloise Essay examples1242 Words   |  5 Pagescase of star-crossed â€Å"lovers†, Peter Abelard and Heloise. This couple went to little length to fight society in trying to est ablish a relationship with one another. Although considered a love story to some, a relationship founded on lust, inability to fight for marriage, and union to the church, shatters the illusion of romance and shows the relationship for what it truly is, a lackluster liaison. The relationship between Peter Abelard and Heloise failed to be established with strong bonds betweenRead MoreEssay about A Comparison of Cleopatra and Heloise994 Words   |  4 Pagesmanipulation, selfishness, obsession, and dramatic interactions are all present in Antony and Cleopatra and The Letters of Abelard and Heloise. The roles of women in society and conceptions of femininity in the eras of Cleopatra and Heloise were limited compared to todays standards. In Shakespeares Antony and Cleopatra and The Letters of Abelard and Heloise, there are recurring images of women as well as conceptions that are unique to each text. In comparing and contrasting the parallelRead MoreThe Love Letters Of Heloise And Abelard Analysis886 Words   |  4 Pagesthe City of Ladies by Christine de Pisan† and â€Å"The Love Letters of Heloise and Abelard† that are different and similar. â€Å"The Book of the City of Ladies by Christine de Pisan† was a book that was written by Christine Pisan and what inspired her to write this story was all of the slander woman were getting as far as being blamed for every negative thing in the world. â€Å"The Love Letters of Heloise and Abelard† was written by Heloise and Abelard and they are different types of letters. The two couplesRead MoreExaple of a Bad Marriage: Abelard Heloise Essay842 Words   |  4 PagesThe relationship between Abelard and Heloise is to this day regarded as one of the great romances of history. nbsp;Their romance has been categorized with that of Dante Beatrice and even Romeo Juliet. nbsp;Due to their captivating romance many historians and scholars alike have deeply studied the true essence of Abelard and Heloises relationship. nbsp;Some agree that their relationship was a true love romance; while others argue that their marriage was doomed from the moment they said `IRead MoreHeloise and Abelard: Focus on Right and Wrong Essay937 Words   |  4 PagesHeloise’s focus is on people’s relationships with each other and how we act right or wrong with regards to other people, not God. Unlike Abelard, Heloise never wrote a unified and comprehensive piece of work. Instead we have to gather her philosophy from her few letters’ and our understanding of her from Abelard’s responses. From her writing Heloise seems conflicted in both major relationships of her life, both Abelard and with God. With Abelard she is upset that after everything she did for himRead MoreThe Influence Of Abelard s And Heloise s Views On Marriage, Religion, And Sexuality944 Words   |  4 Pagestwelfth century Europe had a considerable impact on marriage, religion, and sexuality. The first two figures were classic romantics who wrote love letters to each other and made love in the kitchens of convents. These two influential figures are Heloise and Abelard. This teacher and student love affair knew no bounds and it eventually led to a dismal chain of events, but led to various revelations. The third figure is a religious visionary who took a secret vow of chastity in her young a ge. This